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<h2> CHAPTER V </h2>
<h3> At the Students' Dueling-Ground </h3>
<h3> [Dueling by Wholesale] </h3>
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<p>One day in the interest of science my agent obtained permission to bring
me to the students' dueling-place. We crossed the river and drove up the
bank a few hundred yards, then turned to the left, entered a narrow alley,
followed it a hundred yards and arrived at a two-story public house; we
were acquainted with its outside aspect, for it was visible from the
hotel. We went upstairs and passed into a large whitewashed apartment
which was perhaps fifty feet long by thirty feet wide and twenty or
twenty-five high. It was a well-lighted place. There was no carpet. Across
one end and down both sides of the room extended a row of tables, and at
these tables some fifty or seventy-five students [1. See Appendix C] were
sitting.</p>
<p>Some of them were sipping wine, others were playing cards, others chess,
other groups were chatting together, and many were smoking cigarettes
while they waited for the coming duels. Nearly all of them wore colored
caps; there were white caps, green caps, blue caps, red caps, and
bright-yellow ones; so, all the five corps were present in strong force.
In the windows at the vacant end of the room stood six or eight,
narrow-bladed swords with large protecting guards for the hand, and
outside was a man at work sharpening others on a grindstone.<br/> <br/>
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<p>He understood his business; for when a sword left his hand one could shave
himself with it.</p>
<p>It was observable that the young gentlemen neither bowed to nor spoke with
students whose caps differed in color from their own. This did not mean
hostility, but only an armed neutrality. It was considered that a person
could strike harder in the duel, and with a more earnest interest, if he
had never been in a condition of comradeship with his antagonist;
therefore, comradeship between the corps was not permitted. At intervals
the presidents of the five corps have a cold official intercourse with
each other, but nothing further. For example, when the regular dueling-day
of one of the corps approaches, its president calls for volunteers from
among the membership to offer battle; three or more respond—but
there must not be less than three; the president lays their names before
the other presidents, with the request that they furnish antagonists for
these challengers from among their corps. This is promptly done. It
chanced that the present occasion was the battle-day of the Red Cap Corps.
They were the challengers, and certain caps of other colors had
volunteered to meet them. The students fight duels in the room which I
have described, <i>two days in every week during seven and a half or eight
months in every year</i>. This custom had continued in Germany two hundred and
fifty years.</p>
<p>To return to my narrative. A student in a white cap met us and introduced
us to six or eight friends of his who also wore white caps, and while we
stood conversing, two strange-looking figures were led in from another
room. They were students panoplied for the duel. They were bareheaded;
their eyes were protected by iron goggles which projected an inch or more,
the leather straps of which bound their ears flat against their heads were
wound around and around with thick wrappings which a sword could not cut
through; from chin to ankle they were padded thoroughly against injury;
their arms were bandaged and rebandaged, layer upon layer, until they
looked like solid black logs. These weird apparitions had been handsome
youths, clad in fashionable attire, fifteen minutes before, but now they
did not resemble any beings one ever sees unless in nightmares. They
strode along, with their arms projecting straight out from their bodies;
they did not hold them out themselves, but fellow-students walked beside
them and gave the needed support.</p>
<p>There was a rush for the vacant end of the room, now, and we followed and
got good places. The combatants were placed face to face, each with
several members of his own corps about him to assist; two seconds, well
padded, and with swords in their hands, took their stations; a student
belonging to neither of the opposing corps placed himself in a good
position to umpire the combat; another student stood by with a watch and a
memorandum-book to keep record of the time and the number and nature of
the wounds; a gray-haired surgeon was present with his lint, his bandages,
and his instruments.<br/> <br/> <br/> <br/></p>
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<p>After a moment's pause the duelists saluted the umpire respectfully, then
one after another the several officials stepped forward, gracefully
removed their caps and saluted him also, and returned to their places.
Everything was ready now; students stood crowded together in the
foreground, and others stood behind them on chairs and tables. Every face
was turned toward the center of attraction.</p>
<p>The combatants were watching each other with alert eyes; a perfect
stillness, a breathless interest reigned. I felt that I was going to see
some wary work. But not so. The instant the word was given, the two
apparitions sprang forward and began to rain blows down upon each other
with such lightning rapidity that I could not quite tell whether I saw the
swords or only flashes they made in the air; the rattling din of these
blows as they struck steel or paddings was something wonderfully stirring,
and they were struck with such terrific force that I could not understand
why the opposing sword was not beaten down under the assault. Presently,
in the midst of the sword-flashes, I saw a handful of hair skip into the
air as if it had lain loose on the victim's head and a breath of wind had
puffed it suddenly away.</p>
<p>The seconds cried "Halt!" and knocked up the combatants' swords with their
own. The duelists sat down; a student official stepped forward, examined
the wounded head and touched the place with a sponge once or twice; the
surgeon came and turned back the hair from the wound—and revealed a
crimson gash two or three inches long, and proceeded to bind an oval piece
of leather and a bunch of lint over it; the tally-keeper stepped up and
tallied one for the opposition in his book.<br/> <br/> <br/> <br/></p>
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<p>Then the duelists took position again; a small stream of blood was flowing
down the side of the injured man's head, and over his shoulder and down
his body to the floor, but he did not seem to mind this. The word was
given, and they plunged at each other as fiercely as before; once more the
blows rained and rattled and flashed; every few moments the quick-eyed
seconds would notice that a sword was bent—then they called "Halt!"
struck up the contending weapons, and an assisting student straightened
the bent one.</p>
<p>The wonderful turmoil went on—presently a bright spark sprung from a
blade, and that blade broken in several pieces, sent one of its fragments
flying to the ceiling. A new sword was provided and the fight proceeded.
The exercise was tremendous, of course, and in time the fighters began to
show great fatigue. They were allowed to rest a moment, every little
while; they got other rests by wounding each other, for then they could
sit down while the doctor applied the lint and bandages. The law is that
the battle must continue fifteen minutes if the men can hold out; and as
the pauses do not count, this duel was protracted to twenty or thirty
minutes, I judged. At last it was decided that the men were too much
wearied to do battle longer. They were led away drenched with crimson from
head to foot. That was a good fight, but it could not count, partly
because it did not last the lawful fifteen minutes (of actual fighting),
and partly because neither man was disabled by his wound. It was a drawn
battle, and corps law requires that drawn battles shall be refought as
soon as the adversaries are well of their hurts.</p>
<p>During the conflict, I had talked a little, now and then, with a young
gentleman of the White Cap Corps, and he had mentioned that he was to
fight next—and had also pointed out his challenger, a young
gentleman who was leaning against the opposite wall smoking a cigarette
and restfully observing the duel then in progress.</p>
<p>My acquaintanceship with a party to the coming contest had the effect of
giving me a kind of personal interest in it; I naturally wished he might
win, and it was the reverse of pleasant to learn that he probably would
not, because, although he was a notable swordsman, the challenger was held
to be his superior.</p>
<p>The duel presently began and in the same furious way which had marked the
previous one. I stood close by, but could not tell which blows told and
which did not, they fell and vanished so like flashes of light. They all
seemed to tell; the swords always bent over the opponents' heads, from the
forehead back over the crown, and seemed to touch, all the way; but it was
not so—a protecting blade, invisible to me, was always interposed
between. At the end of ten seconds each man had struck twelve or fifteen
blows, and warded off twelve or fifteen, and no harm done; then a sword
became disabled, and a short rest followed whilst a new one was brought.
Early in the next round the White Corps student got an ugly wound on the
side of his head and gave his opponent one like it. In the third round the
latter received another bad wound in the head, and the former had his
under-lip divided. After that, the White Corps student gave many severe
wounds, but got none of the consequence in return. At the end of five
minutes from the beginning of the duel the surgeon stopped it; the
challenging party had suffered such injuries that any addition to them
might be dangerous. These injuries were a fearful spectacle, but are
better left undescribed. So, against expectation, my acquaintance was the
victor.</p>
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