<h2 id="CHII">CHAPTER II</h2>
<h3>THE SECRET OF THE MOON</h3></div>
<p>Norton, whose watch it was, had already hurried toward
the pilot room where were located the controls and the
various instruments. This room, which was just forward of
the engine-room, was in effect a circular conning-tower which
projected about twelve inches above the upper hull. The
entire circumference of this twelve inch superstructure was
set with small ports of thick crystal glass.</p>
<p>As I turned to follow Norton I spoke to West. “Mr. West,”
I said, “you and Mr. Jay will place Lieutenant Commander
Orthis in irons immediately. If he resists, kill him.”</p>
<p>As I hurried after Norton I heard a volley of oaths from
Orthis and a burst of almost maniacal laughter. When I
reached the pilot house I found Norton working very quietly
with the controls. There was nothing hysterical in his movements,
but his face was absolutely ashen.</p>
<p>“What is wrong, Mr. Norton?” I asked. But as I looked at
the compass simultaneously I read my answer there before
he spoke. We were moving at right angles to our proper
course.</p>
<p>“We are falling toward the Moon, sir,” he said, “and she
does not respond to her control.”</p>
<p>“Shut down the engines,” I ordered, “they are only accelerating
our fall.”</p>
<p>“Aye, aye, sir,” he replied.</p>
<p>“The Lunar Eighth Ray tank is of sufficient capacity to
keep us off the Moon,” I said. “If it has not been tampered
with, we should be in no danger of falling to the Moon’s
surface.”</p>
<p>“If it has not been tampered with, sir; yes, sir, that is
what I have been thinking.”</p>
<p>“But the gauge here shows it full to capacity,” I reminded
him.</p>
<p>“I know, sir,” he replied, “but if it were full to capacity,
we should not be falling so rapidly.”</p>
<p>Immediately I fell to examining the gauge, almost at once
discovering that it had been tampered with and the needle
set permanently to indicate a maximum supply. I turned
to my companion.</p>
<p>“Mr. Norton,” I said, “please go forward and investigate
the Lunar Eighth Ray tank, and report back to me immediately.”</p>
<p>The young man saluted and departed. As he approached
the tank it was necessary for him to crawl through a very
restricted place beneath the deck.</p>
<p>In about five minutes Norton returned. He was not so pale
as he had been, but he looked very haggard.</p>
<p>“Well?” I inquired as he halted before me.</p>
<p>“The exterior intake valve has been opened, sir,” he said,
“the rays were escaping into space. I have closed it, sir.”</p>
<p>The valve to which he referred was used only when the
ship was in dry dock, for the purpose of refilling the buoyancy
tank, and, because it was so seldom used and as a
further precaution against accident, the valve was placed in
an inaccessible part of the hull where there was absolutely
no likelihood of its being accidentally opened.</p>
<p>Norton glanced at the instrument. “We are not falling
quite so rapidly now,” he said.</p>
<p>“Yes,” I replied, “I had noted that, and I have also been
able to adjust the Lunar Eighth Ray gauge—it shows that
we have about half the original pressure.”</p>
<p>“Not enough to keep us from going aground,” he commented.</p>
<p>“No, not here, where there is no atmosphere. If the Moon
had an atmosphere we could at least keep off the surface if
we wished to. As it is, however, I imagine that we will be
able to make a safe landing, though, of course that will do
us little good. You understand, I suppose, Mr. Norton, that
this is practically the end.”</p>
<p>He nodded. “It will be a sad blow to the inhabitants of
two worlds,” he remarked, his entire forgetfulness of self indicating
the true nobility of his character.</p>
<p>“It is a sad report to broadcast,” I remarked, “but it must
be done, and at once. You will, please, send the following
message to the Secretary of Peace:</p>
<blockquote><p>
“U.S.S. <i>The Barsoom</i>, January 6, 2026, about twenty
thousand miles off the Moon. Lieutenant Commander
Orthis, while under the influence of liquor, has destroyed
auxiliary engine and opened exterior intake valve Lunar
Eighth Ray buoyancy tank. Ship sinking rapidly. Will
keep you—”</p>
</blockquote><p>
Norton who had seated himself at the radio desk leaped
suddenly to his feet and turned toward me. “My God, sir,”
he cried, “he has destroyed the radio outfit also. We can
neither send nor receive.”</p>
<p>A careful examination revealed the fact that Orthis had
so cleverly and completely destroyed the instruments that
there was no hope of repairing them. I turned to Norton.</p>
<p>“We are not only dead, Norton, but we are buried, as
well.”</p>
<p>I smiled as I spoke and he answered me with a smile that
betokened his utter fearlessness of death.</p>
<p>“I have but one regret, sir,” he said, “and that is that the
world will never know that our failure was not due to any
weakness of our machinery, ship or equipment.”</p>
<p>“That is, indeed, too bad,” I replied, “for it will retard
transportation between the two worlds possibly a hundred
years—maybe forever.”</p>
<p>I called to West and Jay who by this time had placed Orthis
in irons and confined him to his stateroom. When they
came I told them what had happened, and they took it as
coolly as did Norton. Nor was I surprised, for these were fine
types selected from the best of that splendid organization
which officered the International Peace Fleet.</p>
<p>Together we immediately made a careful inspection of the
ship, which revealed no further damage than that which we
had already discovered, but which was sufficient as we well
knew, to preclude any possibility of our escaping from the
pull of the Moon.</p>
<p>“You gentlemen realize our position as well as I,” I told
them. “Could we repair the auxiliary generator we might
isolate the Lunar Eighth Ray, refill our tank, and resume
our voyage. But the diabolical cleverness with which Lieutenant
Commander Orthis has wrecked the machine renders this
impossible. We might fight away from the surface of the
Moon for a considerable period, but in the end it would avail
us nothing. It is my plan, therefore, to make a landing. In so
far as the actual lunar conditions are concerned, we are
confronted only by a mass of theories, many of which are
conflicting. It will, therefore, be at least a matter of consuming
interest to us to make a landing upon this dead world
where we may observe it closely, but there is also the possibility,
remote, I grant you, that we may discover conditions
there which may in some manner alleviate our position. At
least we can be no worse off. To live for fifteen years cooped
in the hull of this dead ship is unthinkable. I may speak
only for myself, but to me it would be highly preferable
to die immediately than to live on thus, knowing that there
was no hope of rescue. Had Orthis not destroyed the radio
outfit we could have communicated with Earth and another
ship been outfitted and sent to our rescue inside a year. But
now we cannot tell them, and they will never know our fate.
The emergency that has arisen has, however, so altered
conditions that I do not feel warranted in taking this step
without consulting you gentlemen. It is a matter now largely
of the duration of our lives. I cannot proceed upon the mission
upon which I have been dispatched, nor can I return to
Earth. I wish, therefore, that you would express yourselves
freely concerning the plan which I have outlined.”</p>
<p>West, who was the senior among them, was naturally the
one to reply first. He told me that he was content to go
wherever I led, and Jay and Norton in turn signified a similar
willingness to abide by whatever decision I might reach.
They also assured me that they were as keen to explore the
surface of the Moon at close range as I, and that they
could think of no better way of spending the remainder of
their lives than in the acquisition of new experiences and the
observation of new scenes.</p>
<p>“Very well, Mr. Norton,” I said, “you will set your course
directly toward the Moon.”</p>
<p>Aided by lunar gravity our descent was rapid.</p>
<p>As we plunged through space at a terrific speed, the
satellite seemed to be leaping madly toward us, and at the
end of fifteen hours I gave orders to slack off and brought
the ship almost to a stop about nine thousand feet above the
summit of the higher lunar peaks. Never before had I gazed
upon a more awe-inspiring scene than that presented by those
terrific peaks towering five miles above the broad valleys at
their feet. Sheer cliffs of three and four thousand feet were
nothing uncommon, and all was rendered weirdly beautiful
by the variegated colors of the rocks and the strange prismatic
hues of the rapidly-growing vegetation upon the valley
floors. From our lofty elevation above the peaks we could
see many craters of various dimensions, some of which were
huge chasms, three and four miles in diameter. As we descended
slowly we drifted directly over one of these abysses,
into the impenetrable depths of which we sought to strain
our eyesight. Some of us believed that we detected a faint
luminosity far below, but of that we could not be certain.
Jay thought it might be the reflected light from the molten
interior. I was confident that had this been the case there
would have been a considerable rise of temperature as we
passed low across the mouth of the crater.</p>
<p>At this altitude we made an interesting discovery. There
is an atmosphere surrounding the Moon. It is extremely
tenuous, but yet it was recorded by our barometer at an
altitude of about fifteen hundred feet above the highest peak
we crossed. Doubtless in the valleys and deep ravines, where
the vegetation thrived, it is denser, but that I do not know,
since we never landed upon the surface of the Moon. As the
ship drifted we presently noted that it was taking a circular
course paralleling the rim of the huge volcanic crater above
which we were descending. I immediately gave orders to alter
our course since, as we were descending constantly, we
should presently be below the rim of the crater and, being
unable to rise, be hopelessly lost in its huge maw.</p>
<p>It was my plan to drift slowly over one of the larger
valleys as we descended, and make a landing amidst the
vegetation which we perceived growing in riotous profusion
and movement beneath us. But when West, whose watch
it now was, attempted to alter the course of the ship, he
found that it did not respond. Instead it continued to move
slowly in a great circle around the inside rim of the crater.
At the moment of this discovery we were not much more
than five hundred feet above the summit of the volcano, and
we were constantly, though slowly, dropping. West looked
up at us, smiled, and shook his head.</p>
<p>“It is no use, sir,” he said, addressing me. “It is about all
over, sir, and there won’t even be any shouting. We seem
to be caught in what one might call a lunar whirlpool, for
you will have noticed, sir, that our circles are constantly
growing smaller.”</p>
<p>“Our speed does not seem to be increasing,” I remarked,
“as would follow were we approaching the vortex of a true
whirlpool.”</p>
<p>“I think I can explain it, sir,” said Norton. “It is merely
due to the action of the Lunar Eighth Ray which still remains
in the forward buoyancy tank. Its natural tendency is
to push itself away from the Moon, which, as far as we are
concerned, is represented by the rim of this enormous crater.
As each portion of the surface repels us in its turn we are
pushed gently along in a lessening circle, because, as we
drop nearer the summit of the peak the greater the reaction
of the Eighth Lunar Ray. If I am not mistaken in my theory
our circle will cease to narrow after we have dropped beneath
the rim of the crater.”</p>
<p>“I guess you are right, Norton,” I said. “At least it is a far
more tenable theory than that we are being sucked into the
vortex of an enormous whirlpool. There is scarcely enough
atmosphere for that, it seems to me.”</p>
<p>As we dropped slowly below the rim of the crater the
tenability of Norton’s theory became more and more apparent,
for presently, though our speed increased slightly, the
diameter of our circular course remained constant, and, at a
little greater depth, our speed as well. We were descending
now at the rate of a little over ten miles an hour, the
barometer recording a constantly increasing atmospheric pressure,
though nothing approximating that necessary to the
support of life upon Earth. The temperature rose slightly, but
not alarmingly. From a range of twenty-five or thirty below
zero, immediately after we had entered the shadow of the
crater’s interior, it rose gradually to zero at a point some one
hundred and twenty-five miles below the summit of the giant
extinct volcano that had engulfed us.</p>
<p>During the next ten miles our speed diminished rapidly,
until we suddenly realized that we were no longer falling,
but that our motion had been reversed and we were rising.
Up we went for approximately eight miles, when suddenly
we began to fall again. Again we fell, but this time for only
six miles, when our motion was reversed and we rose again
a distance of about four miles. This see-sawing was continued
until we finally came to rest at about what we estimated
was a distance of some one hundred and thirty miles
below the summit of the crater. It was quite dark, and we
had only our instruments to tell us of what was happening to
the ship, the interior of which was, of course, brilliantly illuminated
and comfortably warm.</p>
<p>Now below us, and now above us, for the ship had rolled
completely over each time we had passed the point at which
we came finally to rest, we had noted the luminosity that
Norton had first observed from above the mouth of the crater.
Each of us had been doing considerable thinking, and at
last young Norton could contain himself no longer.</p>
<p>“I beg your pardon, sir,” he said deferentially, “but won’t
you tell us what you think of it; what your theory is as to
where we are and why we hang here in mid-air, and why
the ship rolled over every time we passed this point?”</p>
<p>“I can only account for it,” I replied, “upon a single and
rather preposterous hypothesis, which is that the Moon is a
hollow sphere, with a solid crust some two hundred and fifty
miles in thickness. Gravity is preventing us from rising above
the point where we now are, while centrifugal force keeps
us from falling.”</p>
<p>The others nodded. They too had been forced to accept
the same apparently ridiculous theory, since there was none
other that could explain our predicament. Norton had
walked across the room to read the barometer which he had
rather neglected while the ship had been performing her eccentric
antics far below the surface of the Moon. I saw his
brows knit as he glanced at it, and then I saw him studying
it carefully, as though to assure himself that he had made no
mistake in the reading. Then he turned toward us.</p>
<p>“There must be something wrong with this instrument,
sir,” he said. “It is registering pressure equivalent to that at
the Earth’s surface.”</p>
<p>I walked over and looked at the instrument. It certainly
was registering the pressure that Norton had read, nor did
there seem to be anything wrong with the instrument.</p>
<p>“There is a way to find out,” I said. “We can shut down
the insulating generator and open an air cock momentarily.
It won’t take five seconds to determine whether the barometer
is correct or not.” It was, of course, in some respects
a risky proceeding, but with West at the generator, Jay at
the air cock and Norton at the pump I knew that we would
be reasonably safe, even if there proved to be no atmosphere
without. The only danger lay in the chance that we were
hanging in a poisonous gas of the same density as the earthly
atmosphere, but as there was no particular incentive to live
in the situation in which we were, we each felt that no
matter what chance we might take it would make little
difference in the eventual outcome of our expedition.</p>
<p>I tell you that it was a very tense moment as the three
men took their posts to await my word of command. If we
had indeed discovered a true atmosphere beneath the surface
of the Moon, what more might we not discover? If it were an
atmosphere, we could propel the ship in it, and we could,
if nothing more, go out on deck to breathe fresh air. It was
arranged that at my word of command West was to shut off
the generator, Jay to open the air cock, and Norton to start
the pump. If fresh air failed to enter through the tube Jay
was to give the signal, whereupon Norton would reverse the
pump, West start the generator, and immediately Jay would
close the air cock again.</p>
<p>As Jay was the only man who was to take a greater
chance than the others, I walked over and stood beside him,
placing my nostrils as close to the air cock as his. Then I
gave the word of command. Everything worked perfectly and
an instant later a rush of fresh, cold air was pouring into the
hull of <i>The Barsoom</i>. West and Norton had been watching
the effects upon our faces closely, so that they knew almost
as soon as we did that the result of our test had been
satisfactory. We were all smiles, though just why we were so
happy I am sure none of us could have told. Possibly it was
just because we had found a condition that was identical
with an earthly condition, and though we might never see
our world again we could at least breathe air similar to hers.</p>
<p>I had them start the motors again then, and presently we
were moving in a great spiral upward toward the interior of
the Moon. Our progress was very slow, but as we rose the
temperature rose slowly, too, while the barometer showed a
very-slightly-decreasing atmospheric pressure. The luminosity,
now above us, increased as we ascended, until finally the sides
of the great well through which we were passing became
slightly illuminated.</p>
<p>All this time Orthis had remained in irons in his stateroom.
I had given instructions that he was to be furnished food and
water, but no one was to speak to him, and I had taken Norton
into my stateroom with me. Knowing Orthis to be a
drunkard, a traitor and a potential murderer I had no
sympathy whatsoever for him. I had determined to court-martial
him and did not intend to spend the few remaining
hours or years of my life cooped up in a small ship with him,
and I knew that the verdict of any court, whether composed
of the remaining crew of <i>The Barsoom</i>, or appointed
by the Judge Advocate General of the Navy, could result
in but one thing, and that was death for Orthis. I had left
the matter, however, until we were not pressed with other
matters of greater importance, and so he still lived, though
he shared neither in our fears, our hopes, nor our joys.</p>
<p>About twenty-six hours after we entered the mouth of
the crater at the surface of the Moon we suddenly emerged
from its opposite end to look upon a scene that was as
marvelous and weird, by comparison with the landscape
upon the surface of the Moon, as the latter was in comparison
with that of our own Earth. A soft, diffused light revealed to
us in turn mountains, valleys and sea, the details of which
were more slowly encompassed by our minds. The mountains
were as rugged as those upon the surface of the
satellite, and appeared equally as lofty. They were, however,
clothed with verdure almost to their summits, at least a few
that were within our range of vision. And there were forests,
too—strange forests, of strange trees, so unearthly in appearance
as to suggest the weird phantasmagoria of a dream.</p>
<p>We did not rise much above five hundred feet from the
opening of the well through which we had come from outer
space when I descried an excellent landing place and determined
to descend. This was readily accomplished, and we
made a safe landing close to a large forest and near the bank
of a small stream. Then we opened the forward hatch and
stepped out upon the deck of <i>The Barsoom</i>, the first Earth
Men to breathe the air of Luna. It was, according to Earth
time, eleven a.m., January 8, 2026.</p>
<p>I think that the first thing which engaged our interest and
attention was the strange, and then, to us, unaccountable
luminosity which pervaded the interior of the Moon. Above
us were banks of fleecy clouds, the undersurfaces of which
appeared to be lighted from beneath, while, through breaks
in the cloud banks we could discern a luminous firmament
beyond, though nowhere was there any suggestion of a central
incandescent orb radiating light and heat as does our sun.
The clouds themselves cast no shadows upon the ground, nor,
in fact, were there any well-defined shadows even directly
beneath the hull of the ship or surrounding the forest trees
which grew close at hand. The shadows were vague and
nebulous, blending off into nothingnesses at their edges. We
ourselves cast no more shadows upon the deck of <i>The
Barsoom</i> than would have been true upon a cloudy day on
Earth. Yet the general illumination surrounding us approximated
that of a very slightly hazy Earth day. This peculiar
lunar light interested us profoundly, but it was some time
before we discovered the true explanation of its origin. It
was of two kinds, emanating from widely different sources, the
chief of which was due to the considerable radium content
of the internal lunar soil, and principally of the rock forming
the loftier mountain ranges, the radium being so combined as
to diffuse a gentle perpetual light which pervaded the entire
interior of the Moon. The secondary source was sunlight,
which penetrated to the interior of the Moon through the
hundreds of thousands of huge craters penetrating the lunar
crust. It was this sunlight which carried heat to the inner
world, maintaining a constant temperature of about eighty
degrees Fahrenheit.</p>
<p>Centrifugal force, in combination with the gravity of the
Moon’s crust, confined the internal lunar atmosphere to a
blanket which we estimated at about fifty miles in thickness
over the inner surface of this buried world. This atmosphere
rarefies rapidly as one ascends the higher peaks, with the
result that these are constantly covered with perpetual snow
and ice, sending great glaciers down mighty gorges toward
the central seas. It is this condition which has probably
prevented the atmosphere, confined as it is within an almost
solid sphere, from becoming superheated, through the unthinkable
ages that this condition must have existed. The
Earth seasons are reflected but slightly in the Moon, there
being but a few degrees difference between summer and
winter. There are, however, periodic wind-storms, which recur
with greater or less regularity once each sidereal month,
due, I imagine, to the unequal distribution of crater openings
through the crust of the Moon, a fact which must produce
an unequal absorption of heat at various times and in
certain localities. The natural circulation of the lunar atmosphere,
affected as it is by the constantly-changing volume
and direction of the sun’s rays, as well as the great range of
temperature between the valleys and the ice-clad mountain
peaks, produces frequent storms of greater or less violence.
High winds are accompanied by violent rains upon the lower
levels and blinding snowstorms among the barren heights
above the vegetation line. Rains which fall from low-hanging
clouds are warm and pleasant; those which come from high
clouds are cold and disagreeable, yet however violent or
protracted the storm, the illumination remains practically
constant—there are never any dark, lowering days within the
Moon, nor is there any night.</p>
<div class="sectionbreak">
<div style="break-after:column;"></div><br />