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<p>CHAPTER I</p>
<p>INTRODUCTION TO THE ART OF DIVINATION FROM TEA-LEAVES</p>
<p>It seems highly probable that at no previous period of the world's history
have there been so many persons as there are at the present moment anxious to
ascertain in advance, if that be humanly possible, a knowledge of at least 'what
a day may bring forth.' The incidence of the greatest of all wars, which has
resulted in sparse news of those from whom they are separated, and produces a
state of uncertainty as to what the future holds in store for each of the
inhabitants of the British Empire, is, of course, responsible for this increase
in a perfectly sane and natural curiosity; with its inevitable result, a desire
to employ any form of divination in the hope that some light may haply be cast
upon the darkness and obscurity of the future.</p>
<p>It is unfortunately the case, as records of the police-courts have recently
shown, that the creation of this demand for foreknowledge of coming events or
for information as to the well-being of distant relatives and friends has
resulted in the abundant supply of the want by scores of pretended
'Fortune-tellers' and diviners of the Future; who, trading upon the credulity
and anxieties of their unfortunate fellow-countrywomen, seek to make a living at
their expense.</p>
<p>Now it is an axiom, which centuries of experience have shown to be as sound
as those of Euclid himself, that the moment the taint of money enters into the
business of reading the Future the accuracy and credit of the Fortune told
disappears. The Fortune-teller no longer possesses the singleness of mind or
purpose necessary to a clear reading of the symbols he or she consults. The
amount of the fee is the first consideration, and this alone is sufficient to
obscure the mental vision and to bias the judgment. This applies to the very
highest and most conscientious of Fortune-tellers—persons really adept at
foreseeing the future when no taint of monetary reward intervenes. The greater
number, however, of so-called Fortune-tellers are but charlatans, with the
merest smattering of partly-assimilated knowledge of some form of divination or
'character-reading'; whether by the cards, coins, dice, dominoes, hands,
crystal, or in any other pretended way. With these, the taint of the money they
hope to receive clouds such mind or intuition as they may possess, and it
follows that their judgments and prognostications have precisely the same value
as the nostrums of the quack medicine-vendor. They are very different from the
Highlander who, coming to the door of his cottage or bothie at dawn, regards
steadfastly the signs and omens he notes in the appearance of the sky, the
actions of animals, the flight of birds, and so forth, and derives there from a
foresight into the coming events of the opening day. They differ also from the
'spae-wife,' who, manipulating the cup from which she has taken her morning
draught of tea, looks at the various forms and shapes the leaves and dregs have
taken, and deduces thence such simple horary prognostications as the name of the
person from whom 'postie' will presently bring up the glen a letter or a parcel
or a remittance of money; or as to whether she is likely to go a journey, or to
hear news from across the sea, or to obtain a good price for the hose she has
knitted or for the chickens or eggs she is sending to the store-keeper. Here the
taint of a money-payment is altogether absent; and no Highland 'spae-wife' or
seer would dream of taking a fee for looking into the future on behalf of
another person.</p>
<p>It follows, therefore, that provided he or she is equipped with the requisite
knowledge and some skill and intuition, the persons most fitted to tell
correctly their own fortune are themselves; because they cannot pay themselves
for their own prognostications, and the absence of a monetary taint consequently
leaves the judgment unbiased. Undoubtedly one of the simplest, most inexpensive
and, as the experience of nearly three centuries has proved, most reliable forms
of divination within its own proper limits, is that of reading fortunes in
tea-cups. Although it cannot be of the greatest antiquity, seeing that tea was
not introduced into Britain until the middle of the seventeenth century, and for
many years thereafter was too rare and costly to be used by the great bulk of
the population, the practice of reading the tea-leaves doubtless descends from
the somewhat similar form of divination known to the Greeks as "<font face="Times New Roman"><em>κοταβος</em></font>" by
which fortune in love was discovered by the particular splash made by wine
thrown out of a cup into a metal basin. A few spae-wives still practise this
method by throwing out the tea-leaves into the saucer, but the reading of the
symbols as they are originally formed in the cup is undoubtedly the better
method.</p>
<p>Any person after a study of this book and by carefully following the
principles here laid down may with practice quickly learn to read the horary
fortunes that the tea-leaves foretell. It should be distinctly understood,
however, that tea-cup fortunes are only horary, or dealing with the events of
the hour or the succeeding twenty-four hours at furthest. The immediately
forthcoming events are those which cast their shadows, so to speak, within the
circle of the cup. In this way the tea-leaves may be consulted once a day, and
many of the minor happenings of life foreseen with considerable accuracy,
according to the skill in discerning the symbols and the intuition required to
interpret them which may be possessed by the seer. Adepts like the Highland
peasant-women can and do foretell events that subsequently occur, and that with
remarkable accuracy. Practice and the acquirement of a knowledge of the
signification of the various symbols is all that is necessary in order to become
proficient and to tell one's fortune and that of one's friends with skill and
judgment.</p>
<p>There is, of course, a scientific reason for all forms of divination
practised without hope or promise of reward. Each person carries in himself his
own Destiny. Events do not happen to people by chance, but are invariably the
result of some past cause. For instance, in the last years a man becomes a
soldier who had never intended to pursue a military career. This does not happen
to him by chance, but because of the prior occurrence of la European war in
which his country was engaged. The outbreak of war is similarly the result of
other causes, none of which happened by chance, but were founded by still
remoter occurrences. It is the same with the Future. That which a person does
today as a result of something that happened in the past, will in its turn
prove the cause of something that will happen at some future date. The mere act
of doing something today sets in motion forces that in process of time will
inevitably bring about some entirely unforeseen event.</p>
<p>This event is not decreed by Fate or Providence, but by the person who by the
committal of some act unconsciously compels the occurrence of some future event
which he does not foresee. In other words, a man decrees his own destiny and
shapes his own ends by his actions, whether Providence rough-hew them or not.
Now this being so, it follows that he carries his destiny with him, and the more
powerful his mind and intellect the more clearly is this seen to be the case.
Therefore it is possible for a person's mind, formed as the result of past
events over which he had no control, to foresee by an effort what will occur in
the future as the result of acts deliberately done. Since it is given to but
few, and that not often of intention, to see actually what is about to happen in
a vision or by means of what is called the 'second sight,' some machinery must
be provided in the form of symbols from which an interpretation of the future
can be made. It matters little what the method or nature of the symbols chosen
is—dice or dominoes, cards or tea-leaves. What matters is that the person
shaking the dice, shuffling the dominoes, cutting the cards or turning the
tea-cup, is by these very acts transferring from his mind where they lie hidden
even from himself the shadows of coming events which by his own actions in the
past he has already predetermined shall occur in the future. It only remains for
someone to read and interpret these symbols correctly in order to ascertain
something of what is likely to happen; and it is here that singleness of purpose
and freedom from ulterior motives are necessary in order to avoid error and to
form a true and clear judgment.</p>
<p>This is the serious and scientific explanation of the little-understood and
less-comprehended action of various forms of divination having for their object
the throwing of a little light upon the occult. Of all these forms perhaps
divination by tea-leaves is the simplest, truest, and most easily learned. Even
if the student is disinclined to attach much importance to what he sees in the
cup, the reading of the tea-leaves forms a sufficiently innocent and amusing
recreation for the breakfast- or tea-table; and the man who finds a lucky sign
such as an anchor or a tree in his cup, or the maiden who discovers a pair of
heart-shaped groups of leaves in conjunction with a ring, will be suffering no
harm in thus deriving encouragement for the future, even should they attach no
importance to their occurrence, but merely treat them as an occasion for
harmless mirth and badinage.</p>
<p>Whether, however, the tea-leaves be consulted seriously or in mere sport and
love of amusement, the methods set forth in succeeding chapters should be
carefully followed, and the significations of the pictures and symbols formed in
the cup scrupulously accepted as correct, for reasons which are explained in a
subsequent chapter.</p>
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